Page 7 - 111年衛生福利年報簡介及有聲書

51 2 衛生福利重要指標 2 Health and Welfare Indicators 隨著國民所得提高、醫藥衛生進 步及醫療保健意識增強，國人平 均壽命逐年延長，人口老化衍生 的健康與照護議題，影響國民醫 療保健支出與資源配置，亦牽動 國家整體經濟成長動能，本篇將 簡要陳述衛生福利統計相關重要 指標。 110年底我國戶籍登記2,338萬 人，較去年減7.89‰，人口結構 續呈幼年人口比率降低，老年人 口比率提高之現象;平均壽命逐 年延長，110年為80.9歲，女性 較男性長壽。 110年國人死亡人數18.4萬人， 死亡率為每十萬人口785人，較 去年上升6.9%;前三大死因為 癌症、心臟疾病及肺炎，居首之 癌症死亡人數5.2萬人，平均每 天有142人死於癌症，即每10分 10秒就有1人因癌症死亡，較去 年快20秒。 我國國民醫療保健支出穩定成 長，109年達1.3兆元，占GDP比 率由99年之6.3%增至6.7%;平 均每人醫療保健支出由3.8萬元 增至5.6萬元。 110年底納入社會救助保障之低 收入戶及中低收入戶共25.9萬 戶、60.8萬人，提供低收入戶、 弱勢兒童及少年生活扶助金額51 億元，維持其基本生活水準。 Rising incomes, advances in medicine and health care, and greater health awareness have led to a gradual increase in Taiwan’s life expectancy. Nevertheless, relevant issues of health and care that come with an aging population may affect not only national health expenditure (NHE) and resource distributions, but also the rate of economic growth. In this chapter, we will present a summary of key indicators in health and welfare statistics. At the end of 2021, Taiwan had a registered population of 23.38 million, which is a decrease of 7.89‰ compared with the previous year. Life expectancy in Taiwan has been increasing over the years and reached 80.9 in 2021. Women live longer than men. In 2021, there were 184 thousand deaths and the crude mortality rate was 785 per 100 thousand - an increase of 6.9% compared to the previous year. The top three leading causes were cancer, heart disease and pneumonia. Being the leading cause of death, cancer claimed 52 thousand lives and on average, 142 people were dying of cancer each day. Further calculation indicates that every 10 minutes and 10 seconds, a person would die because of cancer. The duration is 20 seconds shorter compared to that from 2020. Taiwan’s National Health Expenditure (NHE) has shown steady growth. The figure has reached NTD 1.3 trillion in 2020. NHE as a share of GDP increased from 6.3% in 2010 to 6.7%, while per capita NHE increased from NTD 38,000 to NTD 56,000. By the end of 2021, there were 259 thousand low-income and middle-low-income households, with a total of 608 thousand people and the government provided 5.1 billion NTD in living subsidy to children and youth from low-income families and from vulnerable families to maintain basic level of living. 2022 Taiwan Health and Welfare Report Introduction